The number of people with diabetes is seemingly increasing unabated without a break. India, the “diabetes capital of the world”, will continue to witness an immense surge in cases in the near future too. According to several studies, India had over 69 million diabetic individuals as of 2015, and the number is said to reach 98 million by 2030 (Courtesy – India Today). With these many lives at stake, it is high time we think about the potential burden of reducing these numbers by treating the disease. Read the full article to know about diabetes symptoms.
More About Diabetes as a Disease
Diabetes is a never-ending disease that occurs when the pancreas makes less or no insulin in the body. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas, that acts like a key to let glucose from the food we eat pass from the bloodstream into the cells in the body to produce energy. All carbohydrate foods are Broken down into glucose and then absorbed into blood. Insulin helps glucose get into the cells. Not being able to produce insulin or use it effectively results in raised glucose levels in the blood (known as hyperglycemia). Over a period of time, high glucose levels in the blood leads to inflammation in the internal organs of the body, damages them and can ultimately cause failure of these inflamed organs. The normal blood sugar range is less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L).
Target Levels by type | Upon waking | Before meals (pre-prandial) | Atleast 90 minutes after meals (post-prandial) |
Non-Diabetic* | – | 4.0 to 5.9 mmol/L | Under 7.8 mmol/L |
Diabetes Type 2 (adult) | – | 4 to 7 mmol/L | Under 8.5 mmol/L |
Diabetes Type 1 (adult) | 5 to 7 mmol/L | 4 to 7 mmol/L | 5 to 9 mmol/L |
There are three types of diabetes, namely, Type 1, Type 2 & Gestational.
Type of Diabetes
Diabetes Type 1 can develop at any age but occurs most frequently in children and adolescents. When you have type 1 diabetes, there is complete absence of insulin, which means that you need external insulin to maintain blood glucose levels under control. Type 1 diabetes is caused mostly due to genetic reasons, birth abnormalities and high progression of type 2 diabetes
Diabetes Types 2 is more common in adults and accounts for around 90% of all diabetes cases. When you have type 2 diabetes, your body produces less insulin or it does not make good use of the insulin that it produces. The main cause of Type 2 diabetes method is sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy eating habits. Over time people with Type 2 diabetes will require diabetes medications and/or insulin to keep their blood glucose levels under control. Obesity is the most powerful risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes.
Gestational Diabetes (GDM) is a type of diabetes that consists of high blood glucose during pregnancy and is associated with complications to both mother and child. GDM usually disappears after pregnancy but women affected and their children are at increased risk of developing diabetes type 2 later in life.
The Increased Incidence of Obesity
The incidence of obesity in adults and children is increasing globally. Obesity is a preventable disease that plagues all the countries of the world. It has previously been considered a problem of developed nations, however, this disease also affects developing countries. Human obesity is associated with the development of complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, depression, and type 2 diabetes which are spreading rapidly across poor and middle-income countries. So
The Connection between Diabetes and Obesity
There is an alarming rate of progression of obesity in the country. The ADA (American Diabetic Association) has stated that around 70% of women and 60% of men who are pre-diabetic or the diabetic are always obese. So, this quite clearly shows the incidence of the disease starts at obesity. If you want to talk about science, in overweight individuals, the amount of non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol, body hormones, cytokines, pro-inflammatory markers, and many more components are increased. This increase will reduce the production of insulin in the body. This can lead to an increase in the body’s blood sugar level which needs to be controlled by medications and proper diet. If the condition progresses it may cause insulin resistance in the long run and the body may not be able to control the blood sugar level even after taking insulin.
So, will all obese people end up with diabetes?
Not really! not all obese people end up with diabetes. However, the risk is alarmingly high. According to the study published by NIH (National Institute of Health), Indians have displayed a high predisposition to develop the incidence of diabetes due to their low levels of high-density lipoprotein. So, given a case with obesity and bad genetics, you can picture yourself knocking on the doors of diabetes.
Furthermore, studies are showing the early onset of diabetes in the young population of the country. A longer disease duration points towards more health complications, less life expectancy, and a never-ending financial burden. Additionally, there is “clinical inertia” for the management of pre-diabetic patients. The inadequacy of information and lack of guidelines will rev up a pre-diabetic patient to end up having diabetes. According to ICMR the obesity related type 2 diabetes was 19 million in 1995 to 66.8 million in 2015 according to the International Diabetes Federation. These figures are predicted to increase to 123.5 million by 2040.
How to deal with the potentially epidemic proportions of diabetes?
Knowing that obesity has its chain linked to diabetes, fighting them both is prudent. As health educators, we need to talk about the possible advantages of healthy lifestyle interventions and the importance of incorporating physical activity in the prevention and possibly the treatment of diabetes. With proper diet and weight loss, it can be a manageable process to improve insulin sensitivity. Getting to the ideal body weight and decreasing the free fatty mass of the body can get the blood sugar levels of the body under control. Eventually, this can lead to a reversal of diabetes and a fit and healthy life can ensue. To sum up, weight loss might be the only door to mitigate the catastrophic numbers of diabetes induced early mortality.
Weight Loss as a weapon to fight Diabetes
There are several factors that prove that weight loss is the most effective way to control diabetes. As you undergo an effective diet for weight loss, it helps improve the body’s health and becoming more insulin sensitive. A diet that is low on carbs helps reduce blood sugar levels and prevents sugar spikes.
Controlling weight gain promotes healthy and stable blood sugars and is proven to be a better solution than taking medication
The two effective ways to achieve effective weight loss through diet are Hypocaloric diet and the Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD Diet). While Hypocaloric diet is conceptually about eating less, the VLCK Diet drills down more specifically on the components calorie intake and involvement of high biological value protein. Which one is more effective when it comes to controlling diabetes? Let us dig deeper.
More about Hypocaloric Diet
A hypocaloric diet is nothing but eating fewer calories than you burn in order to lose weight i.e. consume fewer calories than you spend. Under this diet, you need to adapt your diet according to your activities of the day. The focus is mainly on energy in versus energy out. You can achieve a hypocaloric state by eating less and exercising regularly.
Following a hypocaloric, or reduced-calorie, a meal plan can help you shed unwanted body weight. Using this type of meal plan helps you lose weight based on calories, rather than having to consume special “dietary” foods. Emphasizing lighter, nutritious foods, such as fruits and vegetables, allows you to eat more volume and stay healthy in the process. When choosing a hypocaloric meal plan for weight loss, consider your gender, activity level, and current calorie intake.
Examples of healthy foods in the protein group include lean meats, egg whites, poultry, seafood, and soy products. Nuts and seeds can be counted in the oils or protein group, and you may place legumes in either the veggie or protein group.
A sample of a Hypocaloric diet plan is shown below
Setback of a Hypocaloric Diet:
Although a popular form a diet, it can have several setbacks. It’s a fact that you limit the amount of fats and sugars you consume, but you are also limiting crucial vitamins and other nutrients which can affect immunity, cause a recurring feeling of tiredness and exhaustion. There is also a possibility of muscle loss and when this occurs, it can cause a relapse i.e. weight gain due to lack of crucial protein intake. Hence, it is important to have an expert guide you in this diet program should you consider it.
More about The Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCK Diet)
The Very-low-carbohydrate Ketogenic diet or the VLCKD is a diet which involves an intake of 800 kilocalories or less energy intake per day. It is also known as a rapid weight loss diet where you typically lose an average of 10 kgs within a short time period as compared to other diets which may follow a ‘slow and steady’ method. A VLCK diet is primarily for severely or unhealthy obese people who must lose or wish to lose large amounts of weight as rapidly as possible in a safe manner.
In this diet, you will reach your target weight owing to the low intake of carbohydrates which will allow your body will enter a state of controlled ketosis and start to draw on its energy reserves (fat). This ensures that the weight you lose will be primarily stored fat.
Several years of research, have confirmed that the inclusion of high biological value protein in a VLCK Diet helps in the preservation of muscle mass because the fat stored in the body is targeted during weight loss while the protein minimize muscle loss. With more muscle, better the metabolism, improvement in the glucose usage and the insulin sensitivity.
How can we follow VLCK Diet?
The VLCK Diet should be guided by experts who are medically certified and have expertise in the ketogenic diet. Through expert guidance, you will be put into a diet program that is structured and promotes rapid weight loss. In addition, due to the inclusion supplements, it reduces nutrition deficiency and balance out the important nutrients that people tend to lack during weight loss. This type of diet is effective for people who are severally obese as well as those who suffer from Diabetes Type 2 which is brought out by Obesity.
A sample of a VLCK diet plan is shown below
Which is better, VLCK Diet or Hypocaloric Diet?
VLCK diet as part of a weight-loss method that includes lifestyle and behavioural change is a safe and well-accepted medical method for people who also suffer from Type 2 Diabetes when compared to the Hypocaloric diet.
When the body enters into a state of controlled ketosis with the VLCK Diet, it forms ketones which are produced by the liver from fatty acids when there is low calorie and restricted carbohydrate intake. Simply put it, your body will switch to breaking down fat for energy where fats are turned into a chemical called ketones. These water-soluble molecules produce short burst of energy that contribute in regulating hunger and maintaining energy levels.
The body typically needs ketones when there are low levels of insulin. Hence, it is crucial for an obese person who has or is at risk of diabetes to be medically supervised in the VLCK Diet. This enables him to be monitored to ensure there isn’t an over production of ketones and over a short period of time contribute towards the body’s natural process of producing insulin
Measuring ketone production can be done regularly with the keto strip test. The safe amount of ketones in urine varies among individuals and depends on their underlying health conditions.
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Yet, its position is nuanced; whereas turning down some bodily
responses, it subtly enhances others. If you have indigestion or different abdomen problems after starting
steroids, then alcohol is prone to add to the problem, so you could wish to reduce on how much alcohol you drink.
Steroids are taken in different ways, and the
dosage may range relying on the situation you could have.
The table under offers an thought of how usually you may need to take steroids.
Steroids won’t remedy your condition, but they’re excellent at lowering irritation and
can ease symptoms corresponding to swelling, ache and stiffness.
Prednisolone, a sort of corticosteroid, is often used to deal with extreme allergy symptoms.
It works by reducing irritation and suppressing the body’s immune
response to allergens, providing reduction from symptoms corresponding
to itching, swelling, and hives. Yes, whereas effective, long-term use of
prednisone can result in side effects like bone loss or increased danger of infections.
It’s important to balance advantages with potential risks beneath medical
steering.
From anabolic steroids to SARMs to peptides and ancillary medicine, I’ve accomplished it sooner or later
in my life, and I can relate. When it involves the most effective location for
your steroid injections – as a newbie, it’s usually really helpful to begin at one of the greatest muscular tissues – the buttock space.
The top proper or left space is the gluteus maximus muscle and will be the least
painful location. Newbies may overlook the necessity of post-cycle remedy after a steroid cycle, however post-cycle remedy is simply as necessary because the cycle itself.
Even should you eat rather less than you ought to
be for mass gain, you’ll notice a lowered tendency to lose
muscle mass because the physique is working at such
an elevated anabolic state with steroids. Starting with testosterone as the only
anabolic steroid in your first cycle allows you to start with probably the most
important steroid of all, which can check your body’s tolerance and response to steroids in a brief time.
After all, should you expertise antagonistic results in a basic testosterone-only cycle, then there is a
higher chance of antagonistic reactions to the numerous different
steroids on the market, lots of which are derivatives of testosterone.
One of the primary steroid stacking strategies is to stack
a short-acting and long-acting steroid or to combine oral and injectable steroids in a stack.
Stacking steroids comes with larger potential results but additionally with
elevated dangers, and these additionally need to be thought-about.
Bulking, slicing, energy, and performance are the big causes that anyone makes use of anabolic steroids.
You may need a quantity of of these objectives, but ultimately, what you want
to achieve out of your steroid cycle will determine what you take and
the way you’re taking them.
Nevertheless, for sure issues or conditions
you may not feel any better despite the precise fact that the drugs is helping you.
This could be the case should you’re taking
prednisolone to cease your symptoms getting worse or to forestall
a problem occurring (for example after an organ transplant).
Prednisolone must also be used cautiously in cats at
risk for coronary heart illness. Since many cats in danger for coronary heart illness present no outwardly irregular signs, your
veterinarian might advocate a screening take a look at, particularly if
long-term use of prednisolone is being considered.
You might marvel why you’re studying about prednisolone, when prednisone is extra common. Prednisolone
can be utilized as an anti-inflammatory at lower doses and
as an immune suppressant at greater doses. Steroids can even act as hormones that act as signal messengers within the body.
Despite this, it can nonetheless cause estrogen improve via different
mechanisms, thus producing gyno and water retention. As you will likely be using both
SERMs or AIs in your cycle to combat the unwanted effects of different compounds,
these will help with Anadrol’s estrogenic results.
It is much like Deca-Durabolin however is a brief ester with comparatively delicate
unwanted effects.
The longer people are on steroids, the more doubtless they’re to expertise
unwanted effects. The same is true for individuals who have other
well being problems such as diabetes (steroids can raise blood sugar) and osteoporosis (steroids
can exacerbate bone density loss). Prednisone is a corticosteroid,
or steroid, treatment prescribed for various situations that cause irritation.
If your cat suffers from osteoarthritis or chronic
ache, you may have heard about Solensia, a new treatment
particularly designed to… Steroids like prednisolone and dexamethasone
are known to trigger a strong urge for food enhance in both cats and canines.
The reason behind this is the way these medication intrude with hormones concerned in hunger regulation. Steroids mimic certain stress
hormones (like cortisol), which have an impact in your cat’s metabolism and urge for food management.
Pneumonia remains some of the significant public health problems, with much more prominence
in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Its impact on the well being care system consists of elevated outpatient and emergency room
visits, hospitalization charges, organ assist, intensive care need, post-hospitalization threat, and mortality.
The period of a steroid shot for allergies varies, but typically, it could final between six weeks to 3
months.
Topical antifungals may not be an issue, but all the time let your doctor know what medicines you’re taking earlier than starting this medication. Prednisone treats many different conditions such as allergic
issues, pores and skin circumstances, ulcerative colitis, arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, or respiration disorders.
For occasion, past the well-known risks of coronary heart illness and liver injury, steroid use can even lead to psychiatric issues such as mood disorders, aggression and melancholy.
Compared to anabolic steroids, they’re somewhat gradual, and particular person results
vary tremendously.
You’ll have an IV infusion within the hospital or an outpatient infusion heart.
When you get sick or injured, your immune system responds
by sending out inflammatory cells that aid within the healing course of.
However, some forms of accidents and illnesses cause longer-lasting or persistent inflammation,
which might imply ongoing ache. Past bulk While the main focus in the media is on the bulked-up home run hitters, anabolic steroids also can profit pitchers and others who need
a faster turnaround from sore, overused muscle tissue.
Intense exercise also releases cortisol, generally known as the stress hormone, which breaks down muscle tissue, producing sore muscles.
Anabolic steroids, or anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS),
are the synthetic (made in a lab) derivatives of the naturally produced hormone testosterone.
They promote the growth of muscle (anabolic effect)
and the standard male characteristics of puberty (androgenic effect).
Furthermore, this results in extreme acetylated GR that will then bind to
GRE sites to induce facet effect genes. This implies that
in COPD patients, the place there’s a reduction in acetylated
GR (unpublished observations), not only is the anti-inflammatory action of corticosteroids
lost, but side effects extra be seen more incessantly.
In controlling inflammation, the main impact of corticosteroids is to inhibit the synthesis of
a quantity of inflammatory proteins by way of suppression of
the genes that encode them. Although this was originally believed to
be through interplay of GR with negative GRE websites, these
have been demonstrated on just a few genes, which do not embody genes encoding inflammatory proteins (Ismaili & Garabedian, 2004).
I am a muscular guy with much consideration and recognition for my physique.
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Nevertheless, it ought to be acknowledged that causality cannot be drawn from such research and further analysis is important to raised discover this detrimental
avenue of AAS use on well being. In doing so, you will need to pay consideration to
blood pressure cuff measurement. AAS users usually have a tendency to have giant upper arm circumferences, and an inappropriately small
cuff will overestimate blood pressure.
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